Endoscopy refers to insertion of a tube-like structure to study the internal organs and any abnormalities in them, and ultrasound is an imaging technique which utilizes sound waves to convert them into images. Hence endoscopic ultrasound is a diagnostic procedure which is used to study and diagnose the abnormalities/diseases of the gastrointestinal system.
What is the principle of endoscopic ultrasound ?
Like any other ultrasonography examination, this procedure comes with a tube which is passed on to the gastrointestinal system or the area to be examination, where sound waves are passed to create images of the internal organs like the oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, intestine and any pathologies associated with them.
When is an endoscopic ultrasound advised ?
An endoscopic ultrasound is advised in patients who have symptoms of abdominal pain, discomfort, acid reflux and severe conditions like cancer of the gastrointestinal system. Endoscopic ultrasound is also used to study the pancreas, cysts in the pancreas, infection of the pancreas, tumors or cancer of the pancreas, the pancreatic duct, the bile duct, and other parts of the gastrointestinal system.
How do you prepare for endoscopic ultrasound ?
The procedure is performed only after your treating doctor or your gastroenterologist completes your general examination along with clinical examination and other required laboratory investigations. You will be asked to cease taking certain medications before the procedure as they may interfere with the same. You will be asked to stop eating and drinking liquid at-least 6-8 hours before the procedure. It is important that you discuss your medical history and the procedural details with your treating doctor well in advance.
Who performs an endoscopic ultrasound ?
An endoscopic ultrasound is performed by a gastroenterologist or a gastric surgeon who is trained to perform such procedure. Occasionally a radiologist or an ultrasound specialist may help in the same procedure.
Is anesthesia administered before the start of endoscopic ultrasound ?
Occasionally anesthesia, general anesthesia might be administered before the start of the procedure. Intravenous sedation is usually administered before the start of the procedure.
What happens during an endoscopic ultrasound ?
You will be made to change into a hospital gown, and will be made to lie down on the examination table. An electrocardiogram (ECG) monitor will be used to monitor your heart rate and an oximeter will be used to check the oxygen levels in your blood. An IV line will be inserted to give you sedatives or any medication if required during the procedure. Occasionally a bite block will be put inside your mouth to avoid you from biting on to the endoscopic tube. Also a nasal tube might be inserted to help you breathe comfortable during the procedure. Once the sedative is administered the endoscopic tube with a camera is inserted into the digestive tract and images of the internal organs are captured. Once the images are capture the tube is removed and you will be sent to recovery room for evaluating your recovery.
In certain cases, if there’s a biopsy which need to be performed it is performed along with the traditional endoscopic ultrasound. Ask your treating doctor about details on the same.
What are the risks and complications of endoscopic ultrasound ?
Endoscopic ultrasound is an invasive diagnostic procedure hence complications may range from bleeding, infection, clotting to a tear or a perforation in the internal organs, the rare complications include respiratory problems or cardiac issues.
Disclaimer: The content provided here is meant for general informational purposes only and hence SHOULD NOT be relied upon as a substitute for sound professional medical advice, care or evaluation by a qualified doctor/physician or other relevantly qualified healthcare provider.
