Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure which is used to evaluate the status of the ducts of the liver, gallbladder, and the pancreas. As the name suggests it is an endoscopic procedure which uses a scope (a tube-like structure fitted with a camera which is connected to a monitor outside). This is primarily a diagnostic procedure but can also be used to do a biopsy or perform some procedures near the scope. This procedure utilizes ionizing radiation to image the ducts hence it is important to understand the risks, benefits, and outcome of the same from your gastroenterologist.
When is an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram (ERCP) advised ?
An Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram (ERCP) is advised when you are suffering with diseases of the digestive system primarily the liver, gall bladder and the pancreas. Your gastroenterologist will advise you for this test when you have a constant abdominal pain yellowing of skin and sclera (jaundice is suspected). Below are the few indications of an Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram (ERCP).
- To diagnose abdominal pain
- To diagnose yellowing of skin and sclera
- To check for gall bladder stones
- To diagnosis cirrhosis of liver
- To obtain a sample tissue (biopsy) for diagnostic purposes
- To treat bile duct narrowing
- To aid in drainage from the blocked areas of the digestive system
- To perform sphincterectomy to help drainage of ducts into the bowel
The above mentioned are the common indications of Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram (ERCP) but the same can also be advised if your gastroenterologist feels the need for it.
Who performs the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram (ERCP) ?
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram (ERCP) is performed by a gastroenterologist in a gastroenterology laboratory.
How do you prepare for an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram (ERCP) ?
You will be advised to get an Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram (ERCP) done by a gastroenterologist after your complete physical and clinical examination. It is important to share your medical history and medication history with your gastroenterologist s some medicines might need to be reviewed before the test. It is also important to tell your doctor if your pregnant or are advised to avoid any kind of radiation exposure. You will also be asked to avoid eating and drinking anything 4-6 hours before the procedure. You should also inform your doctor if you had a barium swallow or contrast CT or MRI evaluation in the recent past.
Will you be sedated before the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram procedure ?
Yes, this procedure is performed under the influence of anesthesia and sedation. It is advised that you discuss the pros and cons of sedation and anesthesia before going ahead with the procedure.
What happens during an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram (ERCP) ?
This procedure is performed in the gastroenterology laboratory by a gastroenterologist. You will be asked to change into hospital gown and remove any pieces of jewelry or watch before the start of the procedure. Once sedatives are administered to you, your gastroenterologist will insert a special endoscope into your digestive tract and later into the areas of bile duct, liver, pancreas, and gall bladder to be examined. The contrast media for examination is fed into the respective organs which need to be images and X-ray images are taken. These images are stored in a computer/monitor which is connected to the endoscope. If any other procedures also need to be performed with the diagnostic test, they are performed by after the imaging is complete. Your stomach might have a slight bloated feeling or your throat might be a little sore after the procedure. You will be monitored for a few hours in the lab or the hospital before you are allowed to go home.
What are the risks and complications of an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram (ERCP) ?
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram (ERCP) is an invasive procedure which uses ionizing radiation to image the organs of the digestive system. Sometimes complications like bleeding, infection and perforation because of the scope insertion can occur. It is important that you ask your treating doctor about all the potential risks and complications before deciding to go ahead with the procedure.
Disclaimer: The content provided here is meant for general informational purposes only and hence SHOULD NOT be relied upon as a substitute for sound professional medical advice, care or evaluation by a qualified doctor/physician or other relevantly qualified healthcare provider.
